Diagnose & Map method guide

Gap Analysis

Gap Analysis compares current and desired states and turns the difference into owned action.

Beginner-friendly guide · 4 min read

What Gap Analysis does

Gap Analysis compares current and desired states and turns the difference into owned action.

Gap analysis compares a defined current state with a desired future state. The difference becomes a specific gap that can be understood, prioritised and assigned to action.

The method sounds simple, but vague targets produce vague gaps. State the measure, scope, evidence, deadline and reason the target matters before proposing work.

Gap analysis is a general management pattern rather than one proprietary framework. Its quality depends on clear target conditions, credible current-state evidence and a direct handoff into action and review.[1][2]

Method schematicMove from evidence to a governed change

A clear target and credible baseline make the gap explicit. Causes and actions follow.

  1. 1Current state
  2. 2Measured gap
  3. 3Root causes
  4. 4Actions
  5. 5Desired state

InnovationFlow explanatory schematic, synthesised from the method sources[1][2].

Understand the method

The parts in plain language

1

Current state

Describe what exists now using observable evidence and confidence. Include relevant variation rather than relying only on an average.[1][2]

Illustrative example

Three of twelve sites can provide hourly machine-level energy data, with inconsistent quality.

2

Desired state

Define the future condition in measurable and time-bound terms, linked to a strategic aim or requirement.[1][2]

Illustrative example

All priority sites provide validated hourly data by the end of 2028.

3

Gap and cause

State the difference, severity and likely causes. Separate the visible symptom from missing capability, process, technology or behaviour.[1][2]

Illustrative example

The gap is not merely missing data; it includes instrumentation, standards, ownership and maintenance routines.

When to use it

  • When goals or standards are clear but the path from today is not.
  • After business aims, capability assessment or compliance review.

A practical workflow

  1. 1

    Define a measurable desired state and horizon.

  2. 2

    Describe the current state with evidence and confidence.

  3. 3

    Name the gap, severity, dependencies and cause.

  4. 4

    Assign actions, owners and review points in the roadmap.

Fictional worked example

Example: service response time

This example is illustrative rather than a reported case. A business aims to reduce average diagnostic response from five days to one day.

Baseline

Observation:Median response is three days, but remote sites wait eight.

Implication:Segment the current state rather than using one average.

Cause

Observation:Data access and triage ownership create most delay.

Implication:Do not assume more staff alone will close the gap.

Action

Observation:A standard intake and remote-data pilot address both causes.

Implication:Assign measures, owner and review date in the roadmap.

From analysis to decision

How to interpret the result

  • 1Validate both baseline and target.
  • 2Prioritise gaps by strategic consequence, not size alone.
  • 3Turn selected gaps into owned actions with review points.

The interpretation guidance is an InnovationFlow synthesis of[1][2].

What a useful output looks like

A prioritised register of explicit gaps.
Owned actions linked to target outcomes.

Common pitfalls

  • A vague desired state produces vague gaps.
  • Do not confuse a symptom with the underlying capability or process gap.

References and method basis

  1. [1]International Organization for Standardization (2024). Innovation management system - Requirements. ISO 56001:2024. Source ↗International standard
  2. [2]Phaal, R., Kerr, C., Oughton, D. and Probert, D.R. (2012). Towards a modular toolkit for strategic technology management. International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning, 8(2), 161-181. Source ↗Peer-reviewed research

This guide synthesises the named sources into practical questions for strategy and innovation work. It does not claim that using a tool by itself produces a successful decision.

Practitioner support

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